The truth about thumbs and dummies

Sucking the thumb or dummy is a normal physiological reflex and it is estimated that more than 90% of children regularly perform non-nutritive sucking. Many studies have shown that babies begin sucking their thumbs during development in-utero (before birth) and this often is shown on the ultrasound.

While this form of sucking is normal, most paediatric dentists and orthodontists recommend that it be discouraged after the age of four years as the forces on the top teeth cause them to be pushed forward and outwards. An open bite (where the upper and lower front teeth cannot meet) can also occur from these habits. This situation is made worse as the tongue tends to fill the gap between upper and lower teeth, and may continue this bad bite.

Thumb and dummy sucking needs to cease well before the appearance of the permanent (adult) teeth. This usually occurs at about six to seven years of age. Scandinavian research has shown that children who suck dummies give up the habit much earlier than children who suck their thumbs. If the habit persists, then orthodontic treatment may be required to correct the position of the teeth.

These habits cause much anxiety for parents and many battles at home between child and parent. However, children will cease the habit when they want to and not when parents ask. Fortunately, peer pressure is helpful, as few children go to school with a dummy. Children should be rewarded for not sucking thumbs or dummies and there are techniques available that can be of assistance in helping the older child cease the habit. Advice from your dentist is always available.